Lasers in Materials Science :

Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Laser Physics for Materials Scientists: A Primer; Abstract; 1.1…Introduction; 1.2…Fundamentals of Laser-Materials Interactions; 1.3…Fundamentals of Laser Physics; 1.3.1 Electromagnetic Waves in a Medium with Gain and Absorption; 1.3.2 Creating Gain in a Laser Medium; 1.3.3 Laser Oscillators: Theory; 1.3.4 Mode-Locked Oscillators; 1.3.5 Laser Amplifiers; 1.4…Laser Systems Used in Materials Processing; 1.4.1 Laser Oscillators; 1.4.2 Amplified Laser Systems; 1.4.3 Control of Laser Pulse Duration

1.5…A Tunable Picosecond Laser for Polymer Processing in the Mid-Infrared1.6…Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; 2 Material Response to Laser Energy Deposition (Thermal and Hyperthermal Processes); Abstract; 2.1…Introduction; 2.2…Basic Considerations; 2.2.1 Thermodynamics; 2.2.2 Deposition of Laser Energy; 2.3…Beyond Thermal Equilibrium (Hyperthermal Processes); 2.3.1 Homogeneous Boiling; 2.3.2 Ultrashort Excitation: Self-organized Nano-structure Formation; 2.4…Summary; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Non-Thermal Material Response to Laser Energy Deposition; Abstract; 3.1…Introduction

3.2…Response of Metals3.2.1 The Two-Temperature Model; 3.2.2 Hot Electron Transport; 3.2.3 Hot Electron Pressure; 3.2.4 Hot Electron Emission; 3.3…Response of Dielectrics and Semiconductors; 3.3.1 Impact/Avalanche and Multiphoton Ionization; 3.3.2 Non-Thermal Melting; 3.3.2.1 Formation of Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures; 3.3.3 Coulomb Explosion; 3.3.4 Photochemical Ablation; 3.3.5 3D Stereolithography; 3.4…Conclusion; References; 4 Atomic Movies of Laser-Induced Structural and Phase Transformations from Molecular Dynamics Simulations; Abstract; 4.1…Introduction

4.2…Representation of Laser Excitation in Classical Molecular Dynamics4.3…Atomic Movies from MD Simulations of Laser-Material Interactions; 4.3.1 Laser Melting; 4.3.2 Generation of Crystal Defects; 4.3.3 Photomechanical Spallation; 4.3.4 Phase Explosion and Cluster Ejection; 4.3.5 Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation; 4.4…Concluding Remarks and Future Directions; Acknowledgments; References; 5 Continuum Models of Ultrashort Laser--Matter Interaction in Application to Wide-Bandgap Dielectrics; Abstract; 5.1…Introduction; 5.2…Ultrafast Laser Excitation of Wide-Bandgap Dielectrics

5.3…Volume Modifications of Wide-Bandgap Dielectrics5.3.1 Propagation of Focused Laser Beams Through Non-linear Absorbing Media; 5.3.2 2D Model of Electron Plasma Generation upon Laser Beam Focusing Inside Transparent Solids; 5.3.3 Single-Pulse Material Heating and Laser-Induced Stresses; 5.3.4 Comments on Multipulse Irradiation Regimes; 5.4…Concluding Remarks; References; 6 Attosecond Pulses for Atomic and Molecular Physics; Abstract; 6.1…Introduction; 6.2…High-Peak-Power Few-Cycle Pulses; 6.2.1 Optical Parametric Amplification for the Generation of mJ-Energy Pulses with Stable CEP

6.2.2 Hollow-Fiber Compression Technique

This book covers various aspects of lasers in materials science, including a comprehensive overview on basic principles of laser-materials interactions and applications enabled by pulsed laser systems. The material is organized in a coherent way, providing the reader with a harmonic architecture.While systematically covering the major current and emerging areas of lasers processing applications, the Volume provides examples of targeted modification of material properties achieved through careful control of the processing conditions and laser irradiation parameters. Special emphasis is placed o